From 5570b2486a557ddc742e167e332a453d67d82d0c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: eas4ai <shawn.payments@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 19 Oct 2026 20:12:33 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Add Rust syntax highlighting

---
 src/Highlighter.php                           |   2 +
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustAttributePattern.php    |  24 ++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php    |  24 ++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustCommentPattern.php      |  24 ++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php     |  24 ++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustKeywordPattern.php      |  33 +++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustLifetimePattern.php     |  24 ++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustLiteralPattern.php      |  24 ++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustMacroPattern.php        |  24 ++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustNumberPattern.php       |  24 ++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustOperatorPattern.php     |  24 ++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustPunctuationPattern.php  |  24 ++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php       |  24 ++++
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php         |  24 ++++
 src/Languages/Rust/RustLanguage.php           |  56 +++++++++
 tests/Bench/Fixtures/rust.txt                 |  20 +++
 tests/Bench/HighlighterBench.php              |   1 +
 tests/Languages/Rust/RustLanguageTest.php     | 118 ++++++++++++++++++
 18 files changed, 518 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustAttributePattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCommentPattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustKeywordPattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLifetimePattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLiteralPattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustMacroPattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustNumberPattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustOperatorPattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustPunctuationPattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php
 create mode 100644 src/Languages/Rust/RustLanguage.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Bench/Fixtures/rust.txt
 create mode 100644 tests/Languages/Rust/RustLanguageTest.php

diff --git a/src/Highlighter.php b/src/Highlighter.php
index 843cf5b6..b86a147d 100644
--- a/src/Highlighter.php
+++ b/src/Highlighter.php
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Php\PhpLanguage;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Python\PythonLanguage;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Ruby\RubyLanguage;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\RustLanguage;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Scss\ScssLanguage;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Sema\SemaLanguage;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Sql\SqlLanguage;
@@ -87,6 +88,7 @@ public function __construct(
             ->addLanguage(new PhpLanguage())
             ->addLanguage(new PythonLanguage())
             ->addLanguage(new RubyLanguage())
+            ->addLanguage(new RustLanguage())
             ->addLanguage(new ScssLanguage())
             ->addLanguage(new SemaLanguage())
             ->addLanguage(new SqlLanguage())
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustAttributePattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustAttributePattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cd4ca387
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustAttributePattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustAttributePattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return '(?<match>#!?\[\s*+(?:r#)?[A-Za-z_][\w:]*)';
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::ATTRIBUTE;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f3616c0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustCharacterPattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return "(?<match>b?'(?:\\\\.|[^'\\\\])')";
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::VALUE;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCommentPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCommentPattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..244613e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCommentPattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustCommentPattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return '/(?<match>\/\/[^\r\n]*|(?&block))(?(DEFINE)(?<block>\/\*(?:[^*\/]++|\/(?!\*)|\*(?!\/)|(?&block))*\*\/))/s';
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::COMMENT;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4982d3f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustFunctionPattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return '\b(?<match>(?:r#)?[A-Za-z_]\w*)(?=\s*+(?:<[^<>{};()]*>\s*+)?\()';
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::PROPERTY;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustKeywordPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustKeywordPattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e58d6e92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustKeywordPattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustKeywordPattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    private const array KEYWORDS = [
+        'abstract', 'as', 'async', 'await', 'become', 'box', 'break', 'const',
+        'continue', 'crate', 'do', 'dyn', 'else', 'enum', 'extern', 'final',
+        'fn', 'for', 'gen', 'if', 'impl', 'in', 'let', 'loop', 'macro', 'match',
+        'mod', 'move', 'mut', 'override', 'priv', 'pub', 'ref', 'return', 'static',
+        'self', 'Self', 'struct', 'super', 'trait', 'try', 'type', 'typeof',
+        'union', 'unsafe', 'unsized', 'use', 'virtual', 'where', 'while', 'yield',
+    ];
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return '\b(?<match>' . implode('|', self::KEYWORDS) . ')\b';
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::KEYWORD;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLifetimePattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLifetimePattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..02ac8e87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLifetimePattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustLifetimePattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return "(?<!\\w)(?<match>'[A-Za-z_]\\w*)(?!')\\b";
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::TYPE;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLiteralPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLiteralPattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..04c37255
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLiteralPattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustLiteralPattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return '\b(?<match>true|false)\b';
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::LITERAL;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustMacroPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustMacroPattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7561377d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustMacroPattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustMacroPattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return '\b(?<match>(?:r#)?[A-Za-z_]\w*!)';
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::PROPERTY;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustNumberPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustNumberPattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3618035a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustNumberPattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustNumberPattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return '(?<!\w)(?<match>(?:0x[\dA-Fa-f_]+|0o[0-7_]+|0b[01_]+|\d[\d_]*(?:\.\d[\d_]*)?(?:[eE][+-]?[\d_]+)?)(?:f32|f64|i(?:8|16|32|64|128|size)|u(?:8|16|32|64|128|size))?)\b';
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::NUMBER;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustOperatorPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustOperatorPattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6166e090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustOperatorPattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustOperatorPattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return '(?<match>::|<<=?|>>=?|->|=>|\.\.[=.]?|&&|\|\||==|!=|<=|>=|[-+*\/%&|^!]=?|=(?!=|>)|[<>?.:@])';
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::OPERATOR;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustPunctuationPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustPunctuationPattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d7c51535
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustPunctuationPattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustPunctuationPattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return '(?<match>[{}()\[\],;])';
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::OPERATOR;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2884ac95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustStringPattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return '/(?<match>b?r(?<hashes>#{0,255})".*?"\k<hashes>|b?"(?:\\\\.|[^"\\\\])*")/s';
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::VALUE;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..58772387
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns;
+
+use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
+
+final readonly class RustTypePattern implements Pattern
+{
+    use IsPattern;
+
+    public function getPattern(): string
+    {
+        return '(?<![A-Za-z])(?<match>bool|char|str|f32|f64|i(?:8|16|32|64|128|size)|u(?:8|16|32|64|128|size)|[A-Z][\w]*)(?![\w!])';
+    }
+
+    public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
+    {
+        return TokenTypeEnum::TYPE;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/RustLanguage.php b/src/Languages/Rust/RustLanguage.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..da33957e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/RustLanguage.php
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust;
+
+use Override;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Base\BaseLanguage;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustAttributePattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustCharacterPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustCommentPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustFunctionPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustKeywordPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustLifetimePattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustLiteralPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustMacroPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustNumberPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustOperatorPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustPunctuationPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustStringPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustTypePattern;
+
+final class RustLanguage extends BaseLanguage
+{
+    public function getName(): string
+    {
+        return 'rust';
+    }
+
+    #[Override]
+    public function getAliases(): array
+    {
+        return ['rs'];
+    }
+
+    #[Override]
+    public function getPatterns(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            ...parent::getPatterns(),
+            new RustCommentPattern(),
+            new RustAttributePattern(),
+            new RustStringPattern(),
+            new RustCharacterPattern(),
+            new RustLifetimePattern(),
+            new RustNumberPattern(),
+            new RustLiteralPattern(),
+            new RustKeywordPattern(),
+            new RustTypePattern(),
+            new RustMacroPattern(),
+            new RustFunctionPattern(),
+            new RustOperatorPattern(),
+            new RustPunctuationPattern(),
+        ];
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/Bench/Fixtures/rust.txt b/tests/Bench/Fixtures/rust.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..64728ed3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Bench/Fixtures/rust.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+
+use std::fmt::{self, Display};
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct Point<'a, T> {
+    label: &'a str,
+    value: T,
+}
+
+impl<'a, T: Display> Point<'a, T> {
+    fn render(&self) -> String {
+        format!(r#"{}: {}"#, self.label, self.value)
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let point = Point { label: "answer", value: 42_u8 };
+    println!("{}", point.render());
+}
diff --git a/tests/Bench/HighlighterBench.php b/tests/Bench/HighlighterBench.php
index 154b03c3..fb6d3a68 100644
--- a/tests/Bench/HighlighterBench.php
+++ b/tests/Bench/HighlighterBench.php
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ final class HighlighterBench
         'php' => 'php.txt',
         'python' => 'python.txt',
         'ruby' => 'ruby.txt',
+        'rust' => 'rust.txt',
         'scss' => 'scss.txt',
         'sema' => 'sema.txt',
         'sql' => 'sql.txt',
diff --git a/tests/Languages/Rust/RustLanguageTest.php b/tests/Languages/Rust/RustLanguageTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..93591ec7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Languages/Rust/RustLanguageTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tempest\Highlight\Tests\Languages\Rust;
+
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\Test;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Highlighter;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustCommentPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\RustLanguage;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Tests\Bench\HighlighterBench;
+
+final class RustLanguageTest extends TestCase
+{
+    #[Test]
+    public function it_registers_the_language_name_and_alias(): void
+    {
+        $highlighter = new Highlighter();
+
+        $this->assertContains('rust', $highlighter->getSupportedLanguageNames());
+        $this->assertContains('rs', $highlighter->getSupportedLanguageNames());
+
+        foreach (['rust', 'rs'] as $name) {
+            $highlighter->parse('', $name);
+
+            $this->assertInstanceOf(RustLanguage::class, $highlighter->getCurrentLanguage());
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[DataProvider('provide_it_highlights_representative_syntax_cases')]
+    public function it_highlights_representative_syntax(string $source, string $expected): void
+    {
+        $highlighted = (new Highlighter())->parse($source, 'rust');
+
+        $this->assertStringContainsString($expected, $highlighted);
+    }
+
+    public static function provide_it_highlights_representative_syntax_cases(): iterable
+    {
+        yield 'line comment' => ['// note', '<span class="hl-comment">// note</span>'];
+        yield 'nested block comment' => ['/* outer /* inner */ outer */', '<span class="hl-comment">/* outer /* inner */ outer */</span>'];
+        yield 'attribute' => ['#[inline]', '<span class="hl-attribute">#'];
+        yield 'string' => ['"hello"', '<span class="hl-value">&quot;hello&quot;</span>'];
+        yield 'raw string' => ['r#"hello"#', '<span class="hl-value">r#&quot;hello&quot;#</span>'];
+        yield 'character' => ["'x'", '<span class="hl-value">\'x\'</span>'];
+        yield 'lifetime' => ["'a", '<span class="hl-type">\'a</span>'];
+        yield 'number' => ['42_u8', '<span class="hl-number">42_u8</span>'];
+        yield 'keyword' => ['async', '<span class="hl-keyword">async</span>'];
+        yield 'self keyword' => ['self', '<span class="hl-keyword">self</span>'];
+        yield 'Self keyword' => ['Self', '<span class="hl-keyword">Self</span>'];
+        yield 'super keyword' => ['super', '<span class="hl-keyword">super</span>'];
+        yield 'type' => ['String', '<span class="hl-type">String</span>'];
+        yield 'macro' => ['println!', '<span class="hl-property">println!</span>'];
+        yield 'function' => ['run()', '<span class="hl-property">run</span>'];
+        yield 'operator' => ['->', '<span class="hl-operator">-&gt;</span>'];
+        yield 'punctuation' => [';', '<span class="hl-operator">;</span>'];
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    public function it_escapes_html_and_strips_reserved_markers(): void
+    {
+        $source = "fn render<'a, T>(value: &'a T) -> &'a str {\r\n"
+            . "    println!(\"<&copy;> ❷img src=x onerror=alert(1)❸ ❶❹❿\");\r"
+            . "    \"<script>alert('x')</script>\"\r\n"
+            . '}';
+
+        $highlighted = (new Highlighter())->parse($source, 'rust');
+        $renderedSource = html_entity_decode(strip_tags($highlighted), ENT_QUOTES | ENT_HTML5);
+
+        $expectedSource = str_replace(["\r\n", "\r"], "\n", str_replace(['❶', '❷', '❸', '❹', '❿'], '', $source));
+
+        $this->assertSame($expectedSource, $renderedSource);
+        $this->assertStringNotContainsString('<script>', $highlighted);
+        $this->assertStringNotContainsString('<img', $highlighted);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('&lt;script&gt;', $highlighted);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('&amp;copy;', $highlighted);
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[DataProvider('provide_it_renders_attribute_source_once_cases')]
+    public function it_renders_attribute_source_once(string $source): void
+    {
+        $highlighted = (new Highlighter())->parse($source, 'rust');
+
+        $this->assertSame($source, html_entity_decode(strip_tags($highlighted), ENT_QUOTES | ENT_HTML5));
+        $this->assertStringStartsWith('<span class="hl-attribute">#', $highlighted);
+    }
+
+    public static function provide_it_renders_attribute_source_once_cases(): iterable
+    {
+        yield 'bracket in string' => ['#[error("index out of range [{0}]")]'];
+        yield 'escaped quote in string' => ['#[doc = "a \"]\" b"]'];
+        yield 'nested brackets' => ['#[cfg_attr(test, derive([Debug]))]'];
+        yield 'multiline' => ["#[derive(\n    Debug,\n)]"];
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    public function it_avoids_backtracking_errors_for_unterminated_block_comments(): void
+    {
+        (new RustCommentPattern())->match('/*' . str_repeat('a', 1_000));
+
+        $this->assertSame(PREG_NO_ERROR, preg_last_error(), preg_last_error_msg());
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    public function it_has_a_non_empty_benchmark_fixture(): void
+    {
+        $this->assertSame('rust.txt', HighlighterBench::LANGUAGES['rust'] ?? null);
+
+        $fixture = __DIR__ . '/../../Bench/Fixtures/rust.txt';
+
+        $this->assertFileExists($fixture);
+        $this->assertNotSame('', trim((string) file_get_contents($fixture)));
+    }
+}

From d84721863bbd28a0c863942ff260397043cf3c39 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: eas4ai <shawn.payments@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 19 Oct 2026 20:24:19 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Cover Rust escaped chars and turbofish calls

---
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php    |  5 +++-
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php     |  2 +-
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php       |  2 +-
 .../Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php         |  2 +-
 tests/Languages/Rust/RustLanguageTest.php     | 27 ++++++++++++++++++-
 5 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php
index f3616c0f..ff1d2193 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php
@@ -6,15 +6,18 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: '\'\\u{41}\'', output: '\'\\u{41}\'')]
+#[PatternTest(input: '\'é\'', output: '\'é\'')]
 final readonly class RustCharacterPattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
 
     public function getPattern(): string
     {
-        return "(?<match>b?'(?:\\\\.|[^'\\\\])')";
+        return "(?<match>b?'(?:\\\\u\\{[0-9A-Fa-f_]{1,6}\\}|\\\\x[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}|\\\\.|[^'\\\\]|[\\xC2-\\xDF][\\x80-\\xBF]|[\\xE0-\\xEF][\\x80-\\xBF]{2}|[\\xF0-\\xF4][\\x80-\\xBF]{3})')";
     }
 
     public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php
index 4982d3f8..1f8fc606 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
     public function getPattern(): string
     {
-        return '\b(?<match>(?:r#)?[A-Za-z_]\w*)(?=\s*+(?:<[^<>{};()]*>\s*+)?\()';
+        return '\b(?<match>(?:r#)?[A-Za-z_]\w*)(?=\s*+(?:::\s*+)?(?:<(?:(?:->|-(?!>)|[^<>;{}&|\-]++)|<(?:(?:->|-(?!>)|[^<>;{}&|\-]++)|<(?:(?:->|-(?!>)|[^<>;{}&|\-]++)|<(?:->|-(?!>)|[^<>;{}&|\-]++)*+>)*+>)*+>)*+>\s*+)?\()';
     }
 
     public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php
index 2884ac95..5f772a79 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
     public function getPattern(): string
     {
-        return '/(?<match>b?r(?<hashes>#{0,255})".*?"\k<hashes>|b?"(?:\\\\.|[^"\\\\])*")/s';
+        return '/(?<match>[bc]?r(?<hashes>#{0,255})".*?"\k<hashes>|[bc]?"(?:\\\\.|[^"\\\\])*")/s';
     }
 
     public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php
index 58772387..fa10c439 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
     public function getPattern(): string
     {
-        return '(?<![A-Za-z])(?<match>bool|char|str|f32|f64|i(?:8|16|32|64|128|size)|u(?:8|16|32|64|128|size)|[A-Z][\w]*)(?![\w!])';
+        return '(?<!\w)(?<match>bool|char|str|f32|f64|i(?:8|16|32|64|128|size)|u(?:8|16|32|64|128|size)|[A-Z][\w]*)(?![\w!])';
     }
 
     public function getTokenType(): TokenTypeEnum
diff --git a/tests/Languages/Rust/RustLanguageTest.php b/tests/Languages/Rust/RustLanguageTest.php
index 93591ec7..62c590d9 100644
--- a/tests/Languages/Rust/RustLanguageTest.php
+++ b/tests/Languages/Rust/RustLanguageTest.php
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Highlighter;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustCommentPattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\Patterns\RustFunctionPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Languages\Rust\RustLanguage;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tests\Bench\HighlighterBench;
 
@@ -46,6 +47,12 @@ public static function provide_it_highlights_representative_syntax_cases(): iter
         yield 'string' => ['"hello"', '<span class="hl-value">&quot;hello&quot;</span>'];
         yield 'raw string' => ['r#"hello"#', '<span class="hl-value">r#&quot;hello&quot;#</span>'];
         yield 'character' => ["'x'", '<span class="hl-value">\'x\'</span>'];
+        yield 'character unicode escape' => ["'\\u{41}'", '<span class="hl-value">\'\\u{41}\'</span>'];
+        yield 'character hex escape' => ["'\\x41'", '<span class="hl-value">\'\\x41\'</span>'];
+        yield 'character non ascii' => ["'é'", '<span class="hl-value">\'é\'</span>'];
+        yield 'c string' => ['c"hello"', '<span class="hl-value">c&quot;hello&quot;</span>'];
+        yield 'turbofish function' => ['iter.collect::<Vec<_>>()', '<span class="hl-property">collect</span>'];
+        yield 'nested generics function' => ['fn foo<T: Iterator<Item = Vec<i32>>>()', '<span class="hl-property">foo</span>'];
         yield 'lifetime' => ["'a", '<span class="hl-type">\'a</span>'];
         yield 'number' => ['42_u8', '<span class="hl-number">42_u8</span>'];
         yield 'keyword' => ['async', '<span class="hl-keyword">async</span>'];
@@ -100,11 +107,29 @@ public static function provide_it_renders_attribute_source_once_cases(): iterabl
     #[Test]
     public function it_avoids_backtracking_errors_for_unterminated_block_comments(): void
     {
-        (new RustCommentPattern())->match('/*' . str_repeat('a', 1_000));
+        (new RustCommentPattern())->match(str_repeat('/*', 1_000) . str_repeat('a', 1_000));
 
         $this->assertSame(PREG_NO_ERROR, preg_last_error(), preg_last_error_msg());
     }
 
+    #[Test]
+    public function it_avoids_backtracking_errors_for_long_whitespace_before_a_call(): void
+    {
+        (new RustFunctionPattern())->match('run' . str_repeat(' ', 100_000));
+
+        $this->assertSame(PREG_NO_ERROR, preg_last_error(), preg_last_error_msg());
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    public function it_does_not_highlight_comparison_operands_or_identifier_tails(): void
+    {
+        $highlighter = new Highlighter();
+
+        $this->assertStringNotContainsString('<span class="hl-property">a</span>', $highlighter->parse('if a < b && c > (d)', 'rust'));
+        $this->assertStringNotContainsString('<span class="hl-type">Foo</span>', $highlighter->parse('_Foo', 'rust'));
+        $this->assertStringNotContainsString('<span class="hl-type">String</span>', $highlighter->parse('my_String', 'rust'));
+    }
+
     #[Test]
     public function it_has_a_non_empty_benchmark_fixture(): void
     {

From 98ad83f9c61492880c480f92885071996bf2d2d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: eas4ai <shawn.payments@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 20 Oct 2026 06:25:58 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Add Rust pattern tests

---
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustAttributePattern.php   | 3 +++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php   | 3 +++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCommentPattern.php     | 3 +++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php    | 3 +++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustKeywordPattern.php     | 3 +++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLifetimePattern.php    | 3 +++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLiteralPattern.php     | 3 +++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustMacroPattern.php       | 3 +++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustNumberPattern.php      | 4 ++++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustOperatorPattern.php    | 3 +++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustPunctuationPattern.php | 3 +++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php      | 4 ++++
 src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php        | 3 +++
 13 files changed, 41 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustAttributePattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustAttributePattern.php
index cd4ca387..d5287205 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustAttributePattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustAttributePattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: '#[derive(Debug)]', output: '#[derive')]
+#[PatternTest(input: '#![allow(dead_code)]', output: '#![allow')]
 final readonly class RustAttributePattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php
index ff1d2193..a45f32ba 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCharacterPattern.php
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
 
 #[PatternTest(input: '\'\\u{41}\'', output: '\'\\u{41}\'')]
 #[PatternTest(input: '\'é\'', output: '\'é\'')]
+#[PatternTest(input: '\'x\'', output: '\'x\'')]
+#[PatternTest(input: '\'\\n\'', output: '\'\\n\'')]
+#[PatternTest(input: 'b\'x\'', output: 'b\'x\'')]
 final readonly class RustCharacterPattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCommentPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCommentPattern.php
index 244613e6..2063f8b0 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCommentPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustCommentPattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: '// note', output: '// note')]
+#[PatternTest(input: '/* outer /* inner */ outer */', output: '/* outer /* inner */ outer */')]
 final readonly class RustCommentPattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php
index 1f8fc606..b6ec4426 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustFunctionPattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: 'run()', output: 'run')]
+#[PatternTest(input: 'collect::<Vec<_>>()', output: 'collect')]
 final readonly class RustFunctionPattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustKeywordPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustKeywordPattern.php
index e58d6e92..5f0202b7 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustKeywordPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustKeywordPattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: 'async fn run()', output: 'async')]
+#[PatternTest(input: 'let value = 1;', output: 'let')]
 final readonly class RustKeywordPattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLifetimePattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLifetimePattern.php
index 02ac8e87..82803cb5 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLifetimePattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLifetimePattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: '&\'a str', output: '\'a')]
+#[PatternTest(input: '<\'static>', output: '\'static')]
 final readonly class RustLifetimePattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLiteralPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLiteralPattern.php
index 04c37255..2721b923 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLiteralPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustLiteralPattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: 'true', output: 'true')]
+#[PatternTest(input: 'false', output: 'false')]
 final readonly class RustLiteralPattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustMacroPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustMacroPattern.php
index 7561377d..34edc3f4 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustMacroPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustMacroPattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: 'println!()', output: 'println!')]
+#[PatternTest(input: 'vec![1, 2]', output: 'vec!')]
 final readonly class RustMacroPattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustNumberPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustNumberPattern.php
index 3618035a..b4ada480 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustNumberPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustNumberPattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,12 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: '42_u8', output: '42_u8')]
+#[PatternTest(input: '0xFF', output: '0xFF')]
+#[PatternTest(input: '1.5_f64', output: '1.5_f64')]
 final readonly class RustNumberPattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustOperatorPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustOperatorPattern.php
index 6166e090..4d58a8d6 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustOperatorPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustOperatorPattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: 'a -> b', output: '->')]
+#[PatternTest(input: 'a => b', output: '=>')]
 final readonly class RustOperatorPattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustPunctuationPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustPunctuationPattern.php
index d7c51535..b1cab0a8 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustPunctuationPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustPunctuationPattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: '{', output: '{')]
+#[PatternTest(input: ';', output: ';')]
 final readonly class RustPunctuationPattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php
index 5f772a79..063006ff 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustStringPattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,12 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: '"hello"', output: '"hello"')]
+#[PatternTest(input: 'r#"hello"#', output: 'r#"hello"#')]
+#[PatternTest(input: 'c"hello"', output: 'c"hello"')]
 final readonly class RustStringPattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;
diff --git a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php
index fa10c439..1503d84b 100644
--- a/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php
+++ b/src/Languages/Rust/Patterns/RustTypePattern.php
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@
 
 use Tempest\Highlight\IsPattern;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Pattern;
+use Tempest\Highlight\PatternTest;
 use Tempest\Highlight\Tokens\TokenTypeEnum;
 
+#[PatternTest(input: 'String', output: 'String')]
+#[PatternTest(input: 'i32', output: 'i32')]
 final readonly class RustTypePattern implements Pattern
 {
     use IsPattern;